13

Al

Aluminium

26.98153857

Basic Information

Name

Aluminium

Alternative Name

Aluminum

Atomic Number

13

Appearance

Silvery gray metallic

Phase At STP

Solid

Spectrum Image

Spectrum image of Aluminium

Source

Wikipedia

Bohr Model

Static

A 2D model of Aluminium

Interactive

Descriptive Numbers

CAS Number

7429-90-5

CID Number

CID5359268

DOT Number

1396

RTECS Number

RTECSBD0330000

Mendeleev Number

82

Pettifor Number

80

Space Group Number

225

Glawe Number

78

Mass

Atomic Mass

26.98153857 Da

Uncertainty

7e-7

Periodic Position

X Position

13

Y Position

3

Period

3

Group

13

Classification

Block

p

Category

Post Transition Metal

Geochemical

Major

Goldschmidt

Lithophilic

Electrical Type

Conductive

Abundance

Urban Soil

38.2 mg/kg

Seawater

2e-9 kg/L

Sun

0.083 mole ratio to silicon

Earth Crust

0.082 g

Solar System

0.085 mole ratio to silicon

Meteorites

0.9 %

Color

Jmol

#BFA6A6

Molcas Gv

#BFA6A6

CPK

#808090

Atomic Radius

Empirical

125

Calculated

118

Van Der Waals

184

Room Temperature

203

Batsanov

210

Rahm

239

Dreiding

439

Uff

449.9

Mm3

236

Alvarez

225

Bragg

135

Truhlar

184

Covalent (Single Bound)

118

Covalent (Triple Bound)

111

Covalent (Cordero)

121

Covalent (Pyykko)

126

Covalent (Pyykko Double)

113

Covalent (Pyykko Triple)

111

Mendeleev

125

C12

143

Metallic

143

Temperature

Melting/Freeze (USE)

933.47 °K

Melting/Freeze (WEL)

933.47 °K

Melting/Freeze (CRC)

933.32 °K

Melting/Freeze (LNG)

933.323 °K

Boiling/Density (USE)

2743 °K

Boiling/Density (WEL)

2792 °K

Boiling/Density (CRC)

2792 °K

Boiling/Density (LNG)

2791 °K

Boiling/Density (Zhang)

2743 °K

Superconducting Point

1.18 °K

Flashpoint

918 °K

Autoignition Point

673 °K

Density

STP

2.7 kg/cm³

Solid (WEL)

2700 kg/cm³

Solid (CRC)

2700 kg/cm³

Solid (LNG)

2700 kg/cm³

Liquid (CR2)

2375 kg/cm³

Heat

Molar Volume

10 cm³/mol

Atomic Volume

10 cm³

Heat Of Fusion USE

10.75 kJ/mol

Heat Of Fusion CRC

10.789 kJ/mol

Heat Of Fusion LNG

10.71 kJ/mol

Heat Of Fusion WEL

10.7 kJ/mol

Evaporation USE

284.1 kJ/mol

Evaporation CRC

294 kJ/mol

Evaporation LNG

294 kJ/mol

Evaporation WEL

293 kJ/mol

Evaporation Zhang

284 kJ/mol

Molar Heat

24.2 J/molK

Heat Capacity USE

0.9 J/gK

Heat Capacity CRC

24.2 J/gK

Heat Capacity LNG

24.4 J/gK

Heat Capacity WEL

24.4 J/gK

Thermal Conductivity

237 W/m*K

Thermal Expansion

0.0000231 1/K

Adiabatic Index

N/A

Speed of Sound

Longitudinal

6420 m/s

Transversal

3040 m/s

Extensional

5000 m/s

Electrical Resistance

80k

2.45 nΩm

273k

24.17 nΩm

293k

26.5 nΩm

298k

27.09 nΩm

300k

27.33 nΩm

500k

49.9 nΩm

Magnetic Properties

Order

paramanyetic

Susceptibility

7.8e-9 m3/kg

Elasticity

Shear Modulus

26 GPa

Bulk Modulus

76 GPa

Poisson Ratio

0.35 ν

Youngs Modulus

70 GPa

Hardness

Mohs

2.75

Brinell

160–550

Vickers

160–350

Etymology

Description

It is a silvery-white, shiny, metal element located in the third group of the periodic table. It is highly reactive, but when it reacts, it is protected by a thin, transparent oxide layer that forms quickly in air. Aluminum has many industrial uses as well as many alloys. It constitutes 8.1% of the Earth's crust by weight. In 1825 H.C. Isolated by Oersted.

Language Of Origin

Latin

Origin Of Word

Made from alumina (originally aluminum), which is a compound

Meaning

bitter salt

Symbol Origin

Latin alum

Etymological Description

It comes from the word alumen, which is derived from the Latin word alum, meaning "alum", and whose literal meaning is "bitter salt".

Discovery & Isolation

Observed/Predicted By

H.C. Ørsted

Observed/Discovery Year

1825

Discovery Location

Denmark

Isolated Sample By

H.C. Ørsted

Isolated Sample Year

1825

Named By

Humphry Davy

Production & Use

Sources

It is not found free. It is obtained by electrolysis of bauxite (Al2O3).

Uses

It is used in many areas from airplanes to beverage cans. It is extremely soft in pure form, so less than 1% silicon or iron is added to harden and strengthen it.

Radioactivity

Half Life

Stable

Lifetime

Stable

Neutron Mass Absorption

0.03

Neutron Cross Section

0.23

Electron Affinity

Electron Affinity (eV)

0.43283

Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)

41.762

Electron Affinity (pauling)

1.61

Electron Affinity (allen)

9.539

Electron Affinity (ghosh)

0.150078

Dipole Polarity

Accepted

57.8

Uncertainty

1

C6 GB

520

C6 Coefficient

528

Lattice

Constant Internal Default Radius

4.05

Constant

404.95, 404.95, 404.95

Strucutre

FCC

Angles

p/2, p/2, p/2

Electron & Quantum

Oxidation States

−2,−1,1,2,3

Electron Configuration

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1

Quantum Number

2b1/a

Electron Configuration Semantic

[n] 3s2 3p1

Shells-0

2

Shells-1

8

Shells-2

3

Ionization Energies-0

577.5

Ionization Energies-1

1816.7

Ionization Energies-2

2744.8

Ionization Energies-3

11577

Ionization Energies-4

14842

Ionization Energies-5

18379

Ionization Energies-6

23326

Ionization Energies-7

27465

Ionization Energies-8

31853

Ionization Energies-9

38473

Ionization Energies-10

42647

Ionization Energies-11

201266

Ionization Energies-12

222316

List of Compounds

1-10 of 99 compounds

FormulaNames
Al

aluminum

aluminium

aluminum metal

AlAs

aluminum arsenide

alumanylidynearsane

aluminium arsenide

aluminum monoarsenide

AlB2

aluminum diboride

AlB12

aluminum dodecaboride

AlBr3

aluminum tribromide

aluminum bromide

tribromoalumane

AlCl3

aluminum chloride

trichloroalumane

polyaluminum chloride

aloxicoll

aluminium chlorohydrate

aluminum hydroxychloride

aluminum oxychloride

AlF3

aluminum fluoride

aluminium fluoride

aluminium trifluoride

aluminum fluoride (anhydrous)

aluminum trifluoride

trifluoroalumane

AlI3

aluminum iodide

aluminum triiodide

triiodoalumane

LiAl

lithium-aluminum alloy

aluminum; lithium

AlN

aluminum nitride

aln A-aluminium nitride grade A

aluminium nitride

azanylidynealumane

nitridoalumane

nitriloalumane

...


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