48
Cd
Cadmium
112.4144
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Descriptive Numbers
Mass
Periodic Position
Classification
Abundance
Color
Atomic Radius
Temperature
Density
Heat
Speed of Sound
Electrical Resistance
Magnetic Properties
Elasticity
Hardness
Etymology
Discovery & Isolation
Production & Use
Radioactivity
Electron Affinity
Dipole Polarity
Lattice
Electron & Quantum
List of Compounds
Basic Information
Name
Cadmium
Atomic Number
48
Appearance
Silvery bluish-metallic gray
Phase At STP
Solid
Spectrum Image
Source
WikipediaBohr Model
Static
Interactive
Descriptive Numbers
CAS Number
7440-43-9
CID Number
CID23973
DOT Number
2570
RTECS Number
RTECSEU9800000
Mendeleev Number
78
Pettifor Number
75
Space Group Number
194
Glawe Number
75
Mass
Atomic Mass
112.4144 Da
Uncertainty
0.004
Periodic Position
X Position
12
Y Position
5
Period
5
Group
12
Classification
Block
d
Category
Transition Metal
Goldschmidt
Chalcophilic
Electrical Type
Conductive
Abundance
Urban Soil
0.0009 mg/kg
Seawater
1.1e-10 kg/L
Sun
0.000002 mole ratio to silicon
Earth Crust
1.5e-7 g
Solar System
0.0000016 mole ratio to silicon
Meteorites
0.000044 %
Color
Jmol
#FFD98F
Molcas Gv
#FFD98F
CPK
#FF1493
Atomic Radius
Empirical
155
Calculated
161
Van Der Waals
158
Batsanov
220
Rahm
238
Uff
284.8
Mm3
250
Alvarez
249
Bragg
160
Covalent (Single Bound)
148
Covalent (Cordero)
144
Covalent (Pyykko)
136
Covalent (Pyykko Double)
144
Mendeleev
138
C12
151
Metallic
151
Temperature
Melting/Freeze (USE)
594.22 °K
Melting/Freeze (WEL)
594.22 °K
Melting/Freeze (CRC)
594.07 °K
Melting/Freeze (LNG)
594 °K
Boiling/Density (USE)
1040 °K
Boiling/Density (WEL)
1040 °K
Boiling/Density (CRC)
1040 °K
Boiling/Density (LNG)
1038 °K
Boiling/Density (Zhang)
1038 °K
Superconducting Point
0.52 °K
Autoignition Point
523 °K
Density
STP
8.65 kg/cm³
Solid (WEL)
8650 kg/cm³
Solid (CRC)
8690 kg/cm³
Solid (LNG)
8650 kg/cm³
Liquid (CR2)
7996 kg/cm³
Heat
Molar Volume
13 cm³/mol
Atomic Volume
13.1 cm³
Heat Of Fusion USE
6.11 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion CRC
6.21 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion LNG
6.19 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion WEL
6.3 kJ/mol
Evaporation USE
59.1 kJ/mol
Evaporation CRC
99.87 kJ/mol
Evaporation LNG
99.9 kJ/mol
Evaporation WEL
100 kJ/mol
Evaporation Zhang
100 kJ/mol
Molar Heat
26.02 J/molK
Heat Capacity USE
0.232 J/gK
Heat Capacity CRC
26.02 J/gK
Heat Capacity LNG
25.9 J/gK
Heat Capacity WEL
26 J/gK
Thermal Conductivity
96.9 W/m*K
Thermal Expansion
0.0000308 1/K
Adiabatic Index
N/A
Speed of Sound
Extensional
2310 m/s
Electrical Resistance
273k
68 nΩm
293k
72.7 nΩm
Magnetic Properties
Order
Diamagnetic
Susceptibility
-2.3e-9 m3/kg
Elasticity
Shear Modulus
19 GPa
Bulk Modulus
42 GPa
Poisson Ratio
0.3 ν
Youngs Modulus
50 GPa
Hardness
Mohs
2
Brinell
203–220
Etymology
Description
It is a soft, bluish metal belonging to group 12 in the periodic table. It is extremely toxic even at low concentrations. It is chemically similar to zinc but is amenable to more complex compounds. It was discovered by F. Stromeyer in 1817.
Language Of Origin
Greek/Latin
Origin Of Word
From the New Latin word cadmia. It comes from King Kadmos.
Meaning
calamine or Cadmus earth
Symbol Origin
Greek Kadmia
Etymological Description
Calamine, a mineral mixture containing cadmium, comes from the Latin word cadmia, derived from the Greek word cadmedia. Cadmium is named after the character Kadmus (Greek: Kadmos) in Greek mythology. Calamine comes from the French name Le Calamine of the town of Kelmis in Belgium.
Discovery & Isolation
Observed/Predicted By
S. L Hermann, F. Stromeyer ve J.C.H. Roloff
Observed/Discovery Year
1817
Discovery Location
Isolated Sample By
S. L Hermann, F. Stromeyer ve J.C.H. Roloff
Isolated Sample Year
1817
Production & Use
Sources
It is obtained as a by-product of zinc refining.
Uses
It is used in nickel-cadmium batteries. It is used in the electroplating of steel and in the production of bearings. Its compounds are found in paint pigments and a wide variety of dense dyes. Boiling cadmium releases a toxic green vapor.
Radioactivity
Half Life
Stable
Lifetime
Stable
Neutron Mass Absorption
1.4
Neutron Cross Section
2,450.00
Electron Affinity
Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)
-68
Electron Affinity (pauling)
1.69
Electron Affinity (allen)
8.995
Electron Affinity (ghosh)
0.1504066
Dipole Polarity
Accepted
46
Uncertainty
2
C6 GB
405
Lattice
Constant Internal Default Radius
2.98
Constant
297.94, 297.94, 561.86
Strucutre
HEX
Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Electron & Quantum
Oxidation States
−2,1,2
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10
Quantum Number
1S0
Electron Configuration Semantic
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
Shells-0
2
Shells-1
8
Shells-2
18
Shells-3
18
Shells-4
2
Ionization Energies-0
867.8
Ionization Energies-1
1631.4
Ionization Energies-2
3616
List of Compounds
1-10 of 77 compounds
| Formula | Names |
|---|---|
| Cd | cadmium cadmium metal |
| CdBr2 | cadmium bromide cadmium bromide dimer cadmium dibromide dibromocadmium |
| CdCl2 | cadmium chloridecaddy cadmium dichloride dichlorocadmium vi-cad cadmium chloride monohydrate cadmium chloridecadmium chloride hydrate |
| CdF2 | cadmium fluoride cadmium difluoride cadmium fluoridewhitepowder cadmium fluorure difluorocadmium |
| CdI2 | cadmium iodide cadmium diiodide diiodocadmium |
| CdO | cadmium oxide cadmium fume cadmium monoxide cadmium oxide brown ketocadmium oxocadmium |
| CdS | cadmium sulfide cadmium monosulfide cadmium sulphide cadmium yellow capsebon sulfanylidenecadmium thioxocadmium |
| CdSb | cadmium antimonide |
| CdSe | cadmium selenide cadmiumselenidemetalsbasisblack powder selanylidenecadmium selenoxocadmium |
| CdTe | cadmium telluride cadmium monotelluride tellanylidenecadmium telluroxocadmium |
