36
Kr
Krypton
83.7982
Basic Information
Name
Krypton
Atomic Number
36
Gas Phase
Monatomic
Appearance
Colorless gas glows whitish when placed in a high voltage electric field
Refractive Index
1.000427
Phase At STP
Gas
Spectrum Image
Source
WikipediaBohr Model
Static
Interactive
Descriptive Numbers
CAS Number
7439-90-9
CID Number
CID5416
DOT Number
1970
RTECS Number
RTECSOC6772500
Mendeleev Number
115
Pettifor Number
4
Eu Number
Yaa 1-098-5
Space Group Number
225
Glawe Number
4
Mass
Atomic Mass
83.7982 Da
Uncertainty
0.002
Periodic Position
X Position
18
Y Position
4
Period
4
Group
18
Classification
Block
p
Category
Noble Gas
Geochemical
Volatile
Goldschmidt
Atmospheric
Abundance
Seawater
2.1e-10 kg/L
Earth Crust
1e-10 g
Solar System
0.000048 mole ratio to silicon
Meteorites
N/A %
Color
Jmol
#5CB8D1
Molcas Gv
#5CB8D1
CPK
#FF1493
Atomic Radius
Calculated
88
Van Der Waals
202
Bonding
202
Rahm
212
Uff
414.1
Mm3
215
Alvarez
207
Covalent (Single Bound)
110
Covalent (Triple Bound)
108
Covalent (Cordero)
116
Covalent (Pyykko)
117
Covalent (Pyykko Double)
121
Covalent (Pyykko Triple)
108
Temperature
Melting/Freeze (USE)
115.78 °K
Melting/Freeze (WEL)
115.79 °K
Melting/Freeze (CRC)
115.62 °K
Melting/Freeze (LNG)
115.64 °K
Boiling/Density (USE)
119.93 °K
Boiling/Density (WEL)
119.93 °K
Boiling/Density (CRC)
119.585 °K
Boiling/Density (LNG)
119.78 °K
Boiling/Density (Zhang)
121 °K
Critical Temperature
209.41 °K
Critical Pressure
5.5 MPa
Density
STP
3.749 kg/cm³
Gas
3.749 kg/cm³
Heat
Molar Volume
27.1 cm³/mol
Atomic Volume
32.2 cm³
Heat Of Fusion CRC
1.64 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion LNG
1.37 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion WEL
1.64 kJ/mol
Evaporation USE
9.05 kJ/mol
Evaporation CRC
9.08 kJ/mol
Evaporation LNG
9.08 kJ/mol
Evaporation WEL
9.02 kJ/mol
Evaporation Zhang
9.03 kJ/mol
Heat Capacity USE
0.247 J/gK
Heat Capacity CRC
20.786 J/gK
Heat Capacity LNG
20.786 J/gK
Heat Capacity WEL
20.786 J/gK
Thermal Conductivity
0.0095 W/m*K
Adiabatic Index
42799
Speed of Sound
Fluid
220 m/s
Magnetic Properties
Order
Diamagnetic
Susceptibility
-4.4e-9 m3/kg
Etymology
Description
It is a colorless and gaseous element. It is a member of the noble gases class. It is found in air with a volume of 0.0001%. It can be extracted from liquid air with the help of fractional distillation. It is generally not isolated, but is used together with other inert gases in fluorescent lamps. It has five natural and five radioactive isotopes. The most stable radioactive isotope, Kr-85, has a half-life of 10.76 years and is obtained in fission reactors. Although it is known to form compounds with fluorine, it is practically inert.
Language Of Origin
Greek
Origin Of Word
From the Greek word kryptos, meaning "hidden"
Meaning
hidden
Symbol Origin
descriptive
Etymological Description
From the Greek word kryptos, meaning "hidden one". In addition to being rare in nature, it is colorless, odorless, tasteless and gaseous.
Discovery & Isolation
Observed/Predicted By
W. Ramsay ve W. Travers
Observed/Discovery Year
1898
Discovery Location
Isolated Sample By
W. Ramsay ve W. Travers
Isolated Sample Year
1898
Production & Use
Sources
It is found in one millionth of the atmosphere. It is obtained from the production of liquid air.
Uses
It is used in lighting products. A small amount of it is used as inert gas in incandescent lamps. Some amount of it is mixed with argon in fluorescent lamps. The most important area of use is stroboscopic lamps used in illuminating airport runways.
Radioactivity
Half Life
Stable
Lifetime
Stable
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.013
Neutron Cross Section
25
Electron Affinity
Proton Affinity
424.6
Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)
-96
Electron Affinity (pauling)
3
Electron Affinity (allen)
17.54
Electron Affinity (ghosh)
0.2584813
Dipole Polarity
Accepted
16.78
Uncertainty
0.02
C6 GB
136
C6 Coefficient
130
Lattice
Constant Internal Default Radius
5.72
Constant
570.6, 570.6, 570.6
Strucutre
FCC
Angles
p/2, p/2, p/2
Electron & Quantum
Oxidation States
0,1,2
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6
Quantum Number
1S0
Electron Configuration Semantic
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6
Shells-0
2
Shells-1
8
Shells-2
18
Shells-3
8
Ionization Energies-0
1350.8
Ionization Energies-1
2350.4
Ionization Energies-2
3565
Ionization Energies-3
5070
Ionization Energies-4
6240
Ionization Energies-5
7570
Ionization Energies-6
10710
Ionization Energies-7
12138
Ionization Energies-8
22274
Ionization Energies-9
25880
Ionization Energies-10
29700
Ionization Energies-11
33800
Ionization Energies-12
37700
Ionization Energies-13
43100
Ionization Energies-14
47500
Ionization Energies-15
52200
Ionization Energies-16
57100
Ionization Energies-17
61800
Ionization Energies-18
75800
Ionization Energies-19
80400
Ionization Energies-20
85300
Ionization Energies-21
90400
Ionization Energies-22
96300
Ionization Energies-23
101400
Ionization Energies-24
111100
Ionization Energies-25
116290
Ionization Energies-26
282500
Ionization Energies-27
296200
Ionization Energies-28
311400
Ionization Energies-29
326200
List of Compounds
1-3 of 3 compounds
| Formula | Names |
|---|---|
| Kr | krypton krypton gas liquid krypton liquefied krypton |
| F2Kr | krypton difluoride |
| KrFSb2F11 | krypton fluoride hexafluoroantimonate |
