80
Hg
Mercury
200.5923
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Descriptive Numbers
Mass
Periodic Position
Classification
Abundance
Color
Atomic Radius
Temperature
Density
Heat
Electrical Resistance
Magnetic Properties
Hardness
Etymology
Discovery & Isolation
Production & Use
Radioactivity
Electron Affinity
Dipole Polarity
Lattice
Electron & Quantum
List of Compounds
Basic Information
Name
Mercury
Alternative Name
hidrajiyu
Atomic Number
80
Appearance
Silvery
Refractive Index
1.000933
Phase At STP
Liquid
Spectrum Image
Source
WikipediaBohr Model
Static
Interactive
Descriptive Numbers
CAS Number
7439-97-6
CID Number
CID23931
DOT Number
2809
RTECS Number
RTECSOV4550000
Mendeleev Number
79
Pettifor Number
74
Space Group Number
166
Glawe Number
76
Mass
Atomic Mass
200.5923 Da
Uncertainty
0.003
Periodic Position
X Position
12
Y Position
6
Period
6
Group
12
Classification
Block
d
Category
Transition Metal
Goldschmidt
Chalcophilic
Electrical Type
Conductive
Abundance
Urban Soil
0.0009 mg/kg
Seawater
3e-11 kg/L
Earth Crust
8.5e-8 g
Solar System
3.4e-7 mole ratio to silicon
Meteorites
0.000025 %
Color
Jmol
#B8B8D0
Molcas Gv
#B8B8D0
CPK
#FF1493
Atomic Radius
Empirical
150
Calculated
171
Van Der Waals
155
Batsanov
205
Rahm
229
Uff
270.5
Mm3
253
Alvarez
245
Covalent (Single Bound)
149
Covalent (Cordero)
132
Covalent (Pyykko)
133
Covalent (Pyykko Double)
142
Mendeleev
139
C12
151
Metallic
151
Temperature
Melting/Freeze (USE)
234.321 °K
Melting/Freeze (WEL)
234.32 °K
Melting/Freeze (CRC)
234.163 °K
Melting/Freeze (LNG)
234.17 °K
Boiling/Density (USE)
629.88 °K
Boiling/Density (WEL)
629.88 °K
Boiling/Density (CRC)
629.73 °K
Boiling/Density (LNG)
629.7 °K
Boiling/Density (Zhang)
630 °K
Superconducting Point
4.15 °K
Critical Temperature
1750 °K
Critical Pressure
172 MPa
Density
STP
13.534 kg/cm³
Heat
Molar Volume
14.09 cm³/mol
Atomic Volume
14.8 cm³
Heat Of Fusion USE
2.295 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion CRC
2.29 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion LNG
2.29 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion WEL
2.29 kJ/mol
Evaporation USE
58.5 kJ/mol
Evaporation CRC
59.11 kJ/mol
Evaporation LNG
59.1 kJ/mol
Evaporation WEL
59.2 kJ/mol
Evaporation Zhang
58.2 kJ/mol
Molar Heat
27.983 J/molK
Heat Capacity USE
0.138 J/gK
Heat Capacity CRC
27.983 J/gK
Heat Capacity LNG
28 J/gK
Heat Capacity WEL
27.98 J/gK
Thermal Conductivity
8.3 W/m*K
Adiabatic Index
N/A
Electrical Resistance
298k
961 nΩm
Magnetic Properties
Order
Diamagnetic
Susceptibility
-2.1e-9 m3/kg
Hardness
Mohs
1.5
Etymology
Description
It is a heavy, silvery and liquid metal belonging to the zinc group. It is used in thermometers, barometers and other scientific instruments. It is more reactive than zinc and cadmium and does not eliminate hydrogen in acids. It forms many organic mercury compounds and complexes.
Language Of Origin
Latin
Origin Of Word
The Latin name of the Roman god Mercury is Mercurius (the symbol Hg comes from the ancient name of the element, hydrargyrum. It is a combination of the Greek hydr- meaning "water" and argyros meaning "silver").
Meaning
Mercury
Symbol Origin
mythological
Etymological Description
Like the planet Mercury, it is named after the mythological Roman god Mercury, the god of speed and messenger of the gods. The symbol Hg comes from the Greek words hydor and argyros, which later became Latin hydrargyrum. Because it is liquid like water at room temperature and has a silvery metal sheen.
Discovery & Isolation
Observed/Predicted By
Egyptians
Observed/Discovery Year
1500 BC
Isolated Sample By
Sweetcorn
Isolated Sample Year
1500 BC
Production & Use
Sources
Almost all mercury is obtained from cinnabar or mercuric sulfide (HgS). Some red cinnabar sources contain so much mercury that drops of pure mercury can be found in random samples.
Uses
It is used in thermometers, barometers and batteries. It is also used in electrical switches and mercury vapor lighting products.
Radioactivity
Half Life
Stable
Lifetime
Stable
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.063
Neutron Cross Section
374
Electron Affinity
Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)
-48
Electron Affinity (pauling)
2
Electron Affinity (allen)
10.44
Electron Affinity (ghosh)
0.169
Dipole Polarity
Accepted
33.91
Uncertainty
0.34
C6 GB
268
Lattice
Constant Internal Default Radius
2.99
Strucutre
RHL
Angles
1.23081, 1.23081, 1.23081
Electron & Quantum
Oxidation States
−2,1,2
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10
Quantum Number
1S0
Electron Configuration Semantic
[Rook] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Shells-0
2
Shells-1
8
Shells-2
18
Shells-3
32
Shells-4
18
Shells-5
2
Ionization Energies-0
1007.1
Ionization Energies-1
1810
Ionization Energies-2
3300
List of Compounds
1-10 of 96 compounds
| Formula | Names |
|---|---|
| Hg | mercury hydrargyrum mercury metal quicksilver |
| HgBr2 | mercuric bromide dibromomercury mercury bromidemercury dibromide mercury(II) bromide |
| Hg2Br2 | mercury(I) bromide mercurous bromide dimercury dibromide dimercury(2+) bromide |
| HgCl2 | mercuric chloride corrosive sublimate dichloromercury mercury bichloride mercury dichloride mercury(II) chloride |
| Hg2Cl2 | mercury(I) chloride calomel chloromercury cyclosan dimercury dichloride mercurous chloride mercury subchloride |
| HgF2 | mercury(II) fluoride mercuric fluoride mercury(2+) fluoride mercury difluoride |
| Hg2F2 | mercury(I) fluoride mercurous fluoride dimercury(2+) fluoride dimercury difluoride |
| Hg(IO3)2 | mercury(II)iodate diiodomercury |
| HgI2 | mercury(II) iodide diiodomercury mercuric iodide diiodomercury mercuric iodide red mercury biniodide mercury diiodide mercury(II) iodide mercury iodidered mercuric iodide |
| NaHg | sodium mercury amalgam mercury; sodium |
