56
Ba
Barium
137.3277
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Descriptive Numbers
Mass
Periodic Position
Classification
Abundance
Color
Atomic Radius
Temperature
Density
Heat
Speed of Sound
Electrical Resistance
Magnetic Properties
Elasticity
Hardness
Etymology
Discovery & Isolation
Production & Use
Radioactivity
Electron Affinity
Dipole Polarity
Lattice
Electron & Quantum
List of Compounds
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Static
Interactive
Descriptive Numbers
CAS Number
7440-39-3
CID Number
CID5355457
DOT Number
1400
RTECS Number
RTECSCQ8370000
Mendeleev Number
9
Pettifor Number
14
Space Group Number
229
Glawe Number
14
Mass
Atomic Mass
137.3277 Da
Uncertainty
0.007
Periodic Position
X Position
2
Y Position
6
Period
6
Group
2
Classification
Block
s
Category
Alkaline Earth Metal
Geochemical
Alkali Toprak Metals
Goldschmidt
Lithophilic
Electrical Type
Conductive
Abundance
Urban Soil
0.8531 mg/kg
Seawater
1.3e-8 kg/L
Sun
0.0000038 mole ratio to silicon
Earth Crust
0.00043 g
Solar System
0.0000045 mole ratio to silicon
Meteorites
0.00027 %
Color
Jmol
#00C900
Molcas Gv
#00C900
CPK
#FFA500
Atomic Radius
Empirical
215
Calculated
253
Van Der Waals
268
Batsanov
270
Rahm
293
Uff
370.3
Mm3
307
Alvarez
303
Bragg
210
Truhlar
268
Covalent (Single Bound)
198
Covalent (Triple Bound)
149
Covalent (Cordero)
215
Covalent (Pyykko)
196
Covalent (Pyykko Double)
161
Covalent (Pyykko Triple)
149
Mendeleev
198
C12
222
Metallic
222
Temperature
Melting/Freeze (USE)
1000 °K
Melting/Freeze (WEL)
1000 °K
Melting/Freeze (CRC)
1000 °K
Melting/Freeze (LNG)
999.9 °K
Boiling/Density (USE)
2118 °K
Boiling/Density (WEL)
2143 °K
Boiling/Density (CRC)
2118 °K
Boiling/Density (LNG)
2118 °K
Boiling/Density (Zhang)
1910 °K
Density
STP
3.51 kg/cm³
Solid (WEL)
3510 kg/cm³
Solid (CRC)
3620 kg/cm³
Solid (LNG)
3510 kg/cm³
Liquid (CR2)
3338 kg/cm³
Heat
Molar Volume
38.16 cm³/mol
Atomic Volume
39 cm³
Heat Of Fusion USE
7.66 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion CRC
7.12 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion LNG
7.12 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion WEL
8 kJ/mol
Evaporation USE
142 kJ/mol
Evaporation CRC
140 kJ/mol
Evaporation LNG
140.3 kJ/mol
Evaporation WEL
140 kJ/mol
Evaporation Zhang
142 kJ/mol
Molar Heat
28.07 J/molK
Heat Capacity USE
0.192 J/gK
Heat Capacity CRC
28.07 J/gK
Heat Capacity LNG
28.1 J/gK
Heat Capacity WEL
28.1 J/gK
Thermal Expansion
0.0000206 1/K
Adiabatic Index
N/A
Speed of Sound
Extensional
1620 m/s
Electrical Resistance
80k
68.3 nΩm
273k
302 nΩm
293k
332 nΩm
298k
340 nΩm
300k
343 nΩm
500k
724 nΩm
Magnetic Properties
Order
paramanyetic
Susceptibility
1.1e-8 m3/kg
Elasticity
Shear Modulus
4.9 GPa
Bulk Modulus
9.6 GPa
Youngs Modulus
13 GPa
Hardness
Mohs
1.25
Etymology
Description
It is a silvery-white, reactive element and belongs to the second group in the periodic table. Soluble barium compounds are extremely toxic. It was discovered by Karl Scheele in 1774 and extracted by Humphry Davy in 1808.
Language Of Origin
Greek via Modern Latin
Origin Of Word
From the Greek word barys meaning "heavy"
Meaning
heavy
Symbol Origin
Greek barys
Etymological Description
Barys means "heavy". The oxide was first called "barot", then "barita", and this name was changed to "barium". Sir Humphry Davy gave it this name because it was found in the barite mineral that shares the same source.
Discovery & Isolation
Observed/Predicted By
W. Scheele
Observed/Discovery Year
1772
Discovery Location
Isolated Sample By
H. Crowds
Isolated Sample Year
1808
Production & Use
Sources
It is found in the minerals barite (BaSO4) and witherite (BaSO3). It is not found in pure form due to its reactivity. It should be stored under kerosene to remain pure.
Uses
The ground and powdered form of barite or barium sulfate (BaSO4) is used as a filler in rubber, plastic and resins. It is insoluble in water and is therefore used in conjunction with X-rays for imaging the digestive system. Barium nitrate burns bright green and is used in fireworks.
Radioactivity
Half Life
Stable
Lifetime
Stable
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.00027
Neutron Cross Section
1.3
Electron Affinity
Electron Affinity (eV)
0.14462
Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)
13.954
Electron Affinity (pauling)
0.89
Electron Affinity (allen)
5.211
Electron Affinity (ghosh)
0.1586786
Dipole Polarity
Accepted
272
Uncertainty
10
C6 GB
5540
Lattice
Constant Internal Default Radius
5.02
Constant
502.8, 502.8, 502.8
Strucutre
BCC
Angles
p/2, p/2, p/2
Electron & Quantum
Oxidation States
1,2
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2
Quantum Number
1S0
Electron Configuration Semantic
[Car] 6s2
Shells-0
2
Shells-1
8
Shells-2
18
Shells-3
18
Shells-4
8
Shells-5
2
Ionization Energies-0
502.9
Ionization Energies-1
965.2
Ionization Energies-2
3600
List of Compounds
1-10 of 99 compounds
| Formula | Names |
|---|---|
| Ba | barium barium metal |
| BaAl4 | aluminium, compound with barium (4:1) aluminum; barium aluminum, compound with barium (4:1) barium aluminide |
| BaB6 | barium hexaboride barium boride barium; boron |
| BaBr2 | barium bromide barium(+2) cation dibromide barium dibromide hydrobromic acid barium salt |
| BaC2 | barium carbide |
| BaCl2 | barium chloride barium(+2) cation dichloride |
| BaF2 | barium fluoride barium(+2) cation difluoride barium difluoride |
| BaH2 | barium hydride barium dihydride |
| BaI2 | barium iodide barium(+2) cation diiodide barium diiodide barium iodide anhydrous |
| BaN6 | barium azide |
