Pt | Carbon

Basic Information

Name

Carbon

Atomic Number

Allotropes

Graphite, Diamond, Amorphous Carbon, Lonsdaleite, Fullerene, Carbon Nanotube

Refractive Index

2.417

Phase At STP

Solid

Spectrum Image

Source

Wikipedia

Bohr Model

Static

Interactive

Descriptive Numbers

CAS Number

7440-44-0

CID Number

{CID5462310, CID5462310, CID5462310, CID123591}

DOT Number

1361

RTECS Number

RTECSHL4158550

Mendeleev Number

Pettifor Number

Space Group Number

194

Glawe Number

Mass

Atomic Mass

12.011 Da

Periodic Position

X Position

Y Position

Period

Group

Classification

Block

Abundance

Urban Soil

45.1 mg/kg

Seawater

0.000028 kg/L

Sun

10 mole ratio to silicon

Earth Crust

0.0002 g

Human Body

23 %

Solar System

10 mole ratio to silicon

Meteorites

1.5 %

Color

Jmol

#909090

Molcas Gv

#909090

CPK

#C8C8C8

Atomic Radius

Empirical

Calculated

Van Der Waals

170

Bonding

170

Room Temperature

177

Batsanov

170

Rahm

190

Dreiding

389.83

Uff

385.1

Mm3

204

Alvarez

177

Bragg

Covalent (Single Bound)

Covalent (Triple Bound)

Covalent (Cordero)

Covalent (Pyykko)

Covalent (Pyykko Double)

Covalent (Pyykko Triple)

C12

Temperature

Melting/Freeze (WEL)

3800 °K

Melting/Freeze (CRC)

4762 °K

Melting/Freeze (LNG)

4188 °K

Boiling/Density (WEL)

4300 °K

Boiling/Density (CRC)

4098 °K

Boiling/Density (LNG)

4188 °K

Boiling/Density (Zhang)

5103 °K

Density

STP

1.821 kg/cm³

Solid (WEL)

2267 kg/cm³

Solid (CRC)

2200 kg/cm³

Solid (LNG)

2267 kg/cm³

Heat

Molar Volume

5.29 cm³/mol

Atomic Volume

5.3 cm³

Heat Of Fusion CRC

117 kJ/mol

Heat Of Fusion LNG

117 kJ/mol

Evaporation WEL

715 kJ/mol

Combustion

-393 kJ/mol

Molar Heat

8.517 J/molK

Heat Capacity USE

0.711 J/gK

Heat Capacity CRC

8.517 J/gK

Heat Capacity LNG

8.517 J/gK

Heat Capacity WEL

8.53 J/gK

Thermal Conductivity

1.59 W/m*K

Thermal Expansion

0.0000071 1/K

Adiabatic Index

N/A

Magnetic Properties

Order

Diamagnetic

Susceptibility

-6.2e-9 m3/kg

Elasticity

Bulk Modulus

33 GPa

Hardness

Mohs

0.5

Etymology

Description

Carbon is the element in group 14 of the periodic table. It has three allotropes: diamond, graphite and fulerite. Carbon-14 is commonly used in radioactive dating. Carbon is found in all organic life and is the basis of organic chemistry. It has an interesting chemical property of bonding with itself and many other elements.

Language Of Origin

Latin via French

Origin Of Word

From the Latin word carbo, meaning 'coal'

Meaning

charcoal, coal

Symbol Origin

Latince carbo

Etymological Description

It comes from the Latin word charbone, which entered into French from carbō, meaning "charcoal" (in German and Dutch, respectively, Kohlenstoff and koolstof, both meaning "charcoal substance"). These words derive from the Proto-Indo-European root ker-, meaning "to warm, to burn".

Discovery & Isolation

Observed/Predicted By

Egyptians and Sumerians

Observed/Discovery Year

3751 BC

Isolated Sample By

Middle East

Isolated Sample Year

2500 BC

Production & Use

Sources

It is obtained by burning organic compounds with a small amount of oxygen.

Uses

It is used in steel production, filters and many other areas. Radiocarbon dating dates ancient objects with the carbon-14 isotope.

Radioactivity

Half Life

Stable

Lifetime

Stable

Neutron Mass Absorption

0.00002

Electron Affinity

Electron Affinity (eV)

1.262119

Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)

121.7763

Electron Affinity (pauling)

2.55

Electron Affinity (allen)

15.05

Electron Affinity (ghosh)

0.224776

Dipole Polarity

Accepted

11.3

Uncertainty

0.2

C6 GB

47.9

C6 Coefficient

46.6

Lattice

Constant Internal Default Radius

3.57

Constant

246.4, 246.4, 671.1

Strucutre

THERE

Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

Electron & Quantum

Oxidation States

−4,−3,−2,−1,0,1,2,3,4

Electron Configuration

1s2 2s2 2p2

Quantum Number

3P0

Electron Configuration Semantic

[He] 2s2 2p2

Shells-0

Shells-1

Ionization Energies-0

1086.5

Ionization Energies-1

2352.6

Ionization Energies-2

4620.5

Ionization Energies-3

6222.7

Ionization Energies-4

37831

Ionization Energies-5

47277

List of Compounds

1-10 of 92 compounds

Rows per page:

Formula	Names
C	activated charcoal activated carbon activated coal carbon, activated charcoal activated diamond boart graphite black lead
^13C	carbon-13 carbon-13C
C60	buckminsterfullerene buckminsterfullerene-C60 fullerene C60 footballene soccerballene (C60-Ih)[5,6]fullerene
C70	[5,6]-fullerene-C70 buckminsterfullerene C70 fullerene-C70 rugbyballene (5,6)fullerene-C70-D5h(6) (C70-D5h(6))[5,6]fullerene
Ag2C2	silver(I) acetylide
BaC2	barium carbide
CB4	boron carbide carbon tetraboride
CBe2	beryllium carbide beryllium acetylide beryllium carbide (be2C) beryllium dicarbide
^13CBr4	carbon-13C tetrabromide carbon-13 tetrabromide carbon-13 tetrabromomethane
CBr4	carbon tetrabromide carbon bromide methane tetrabromide tetrabromomethane

...

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