31
Ga
Gallium
69.7231
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Descriptive Numbers
Mass
Periodic Position
Classification
Abundance
Color
Atomic Radius
Temperature
Density
Heat
Speed of Sound
Magnetic Properties
Elasticity
Hardness
Etymology
Discovery & Isolation
Production & Use
Radioactivity
Electron Affinity
Dipole Polarity
Lattice
Electron & Quantum
List of Compounds
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Static
Interactive
Descriptive Numbers
CAS Number
7440-55-3
CID Number
CID5360835
DOT Number
2803
RTECS Number
RTECSLW8600000
Mendeleev Number
83
Pettifor Number
81
Space Group Number
64
Glawe Number
79
Mass
Atomic Mass
69.7231 Da
Uncertainty
0.001
Periodic Position
X Position
13
Y Position
4
Period
4
Group
13
Classification
Block
p
Category
Post Transition Metal
Goldschmidt
Chalcophilic
Electrical Type
Conductive
Abundance
Urban Soil
0.0162 mg/kg
Seawater
3e-11 kg/L
Sun
0.000021 mole ratio to silicon
Earth Crust
0.000019 g
Solar System
0.000038 mole ratio to silicon
Meteorites
0.00076 %
Color
Jmol
#C28F8F
Molcas Gv
#C28F8F
CPK
#FF1493
Atomic Radius
Empirical
130
Calculated
136
Van Der Waals
187
Bonding
187
Batsanov
210
Rahm
233
Dreiding
439
Uff
438.3
Mm3
246
Alvarez
232
Covalent (Single Bound)
126
Covalent (Triple Bound)
121
Covalent (Cordero)
122
Covalent (Pyykko)
124
Covalent (Pyykko Double)
117
Covalent (Pyykko Triple)
121
Mendeleev
125
C12
140
Metallic
135
Temperature
Melting/Freeze (USE)
302.9146 °K
Melting/Freeze (WEL)
302.91 °K
Melting/Freeze (CRC)
302.771 °K
Melting/Freeze (LNG)
302.7646 °K
Boiling/Density (USE)
2673 °K
Boiling/Density (WEL)
2477 °K
Boiling/Density (CRC)
2477 °K
Boiling/Density (LNG)
2476 °K
Boiling/Density (Zhang)
2673 °K
Superconducting Point
1.08 °K
Density
STP
5.91 kg/cm³
Solid (WEL)
5904 kg/cm³
Solid (CRC)
5910 kg/cm³
Solid (LNG)
5904 kg/cm³
Liquid (CR2)
6080 kg/cm³
Heat
Molar Volume
11.8 cm³/mol
Atomic Volume
11.8 cm³
Heat Of Fusion USE
5.59 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion CRC
5.576 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion LNG
5.59 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion WEL
5.59 kJ/mol
Evaporation USE
270.3 kJ/mol
Evaporation CRC
254 kJ/mol
Evaporation LNG
254 kJ/mol
Evaporation WEL
256 kJ/mol
Evaporation Zhang
256 kJ/mol
Molar Heat
25.86 J/molK
Heat Capacity USE
0.372 J/gK
Heat Capacity CRC
25.86 J/gK
Heat Capacity LNG
26.06 J/gK
Heat Capacity WEL
25.9 J/gK
Thermal Conductivity
28.1 W/m*K
Thermal Expansion
0.00012 1/K
Adiabatic Index
N/A
Speed of Sound
Extensional
2740 m/s
Magnetic Properties
Order
Diamagnetic
Susceptibility
-3e-9 m3/kg
Elasticity
Bulk Modulus
56 GPa
Hardness
Mohs
1.5
Brinell
56.8–68.7
Etymology
Description
It is a soft, silvery metal element. It belongs to the 13th group of the periodic table. Its two stable isotopes are Ga-69 and Ga-71. There are eight known radioactive isotopes, and all have short half-lives. Gallium arsenide is used as a semiconductor. It corrodes many other metals by spreading into their weaves. It was first discovered by Francois Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875.
Language Of Origin
Latin
Origin Of Word
The country name of France comes from the Latin word Gallia.
Meaning
Gaul (ancient France)
Symbol Origin
place name
Etymological Description
It comes from the Latin words Gallia, meaning Gaul, ancient France, and gallus, meaning rooster. He gave the element its name, gallium, after his homeland, France, and his own name, Lecoq (Fr. le coq), which is called gallus in Latin and means rooster in French, as a play on words.
Discovery & Isolation
Observed/Predicted By
P. E. L. de Boisbaudran
Observed/Discovery Year
1875
Discovery Location
Isolated Sample By
P. E. L. de Boisbaudran
Production & Use
Sources
It is found on earth in minerals such as bauxite, germanite and coal.
Uses
Semiconductors are used in the construction of LED (light emitting diodes) lamps and GaAs laser diodes.
Radioactivity
Half Life
Stable
Lifetime
Stable
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.0015
Neutron Cross Section
2.9
Electron Affinity
Electron Affinity (eV)
0.43
Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)
41
Electron Affinity (pauling)
1.81
Electron Affinity (allen)
10.39
Electron Affinity (ghosh)
0.1723773
Dipole Polarity
Accepted
50
Uncertainty
3
C6 GB
456
C6 Coefficient
498
Lattice
Constant Internal Default Radius
4.51
Constant
451.97, 766.33, 452.6
Strucutre
ORC
Angles
p/2, p/2, p/2
Electron & Quantum
Oxidation States
−5,−4,−3,−2,−1,1,2,3
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p1
Quantum Number
2b1/a
Electron Configuration Semantic
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
Shells-0
2
Shells-1
8
Shells-2
18
Shells-3
3
Ionization Energies-0
578.8
Ionization Energies-1
1979.3
Ionization Energies-2
2963
Ionization Energies-3
6180
List of Compounds
1-10 of 41 compounds
| Formula | Names |
|---|---|
| Ga | gallium gallium metal |
| GaAs | gallium arsenide gallanylidynearsane gallium monoarsenide |
| GaBr3 | gallium(III) bromide gallium bromide gallium tribromide tribromogallane |
| GaCl3 | gallium trichloride gallium(3+) chloride gallium chloridegallium(III) chloride trichlorogallane |
| Ga2Cl4 | gallium(II)chloride dichlorogallium |
| GaF3 | gallium fluoride gallium fluoride trihydrate gallium(III) fluoride gallium trifluoride trifluorogallane |
| GaH3 | gallium(III) hydride gallane gallium trihydride trihydridogallium trihydrogallium |
| GaI3 | gallium(III) iodide gallium iodide gallium triiodide triiodogallane triiodogallium |
| GaN | gallium nitride azanylidynegallane gallium(III) nitride gallium mononitride nitridogallane nitrilogallane |
| GaP | gallium phosphide gallanylidynephosphane gallium monophosphide |
