53
I
Iodine
126.904473
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Descriptive Numbers
Mass
Periodic Position
Classification
Abundance
Color
Atomic Radius
Temperature
Density
Heat
Electrical Resistance
Magnetic Properties
Elasticity
Etymology
Discovery & Isolation
Production & Use
Radioactivity
Electron Affinity
Dipole Polarity
Lattice
Electron & Quantum
List of Compounds
Basic Information
Name
Iodine
Atomic Number
53
Allotropes
Diet
Appearance
Shiny metallic grey, gaseous purple
Phase At STP
Solid
Spectrum Image
Source
WikipediaBohr Model
Static
Interactive
Descriptive Numbers
CAS Number
7553-56-2
CID Number
CID807
DOT Number
1759
RTECS Number
RTECSNN1575000
Mendeleev Number
109
Pettifor Number
97
Space Group Number
64
Glawe Number
99
Mass
Atomic Mass
126.904473 Da
Uncertainty
0.00003
Periodic Position
X Position
17
Y Position
5
Period
5
Group
17
Classification
Block
p
Category
Reactive Nonmetal
Geochemical
Semi-Volatile
Goldschmidt
Lithophilic
Electrical Type
Insulator
Abundance
Seawater
6e-8 kg/L
Earth Crust
4.5e-7 g
Solar System
9e-7 mole ratio to silicon
Meteorites
0.000025 %
Color
Jmol
#940094
Molcas Gv
#940094
CPK
#A020F0
Atomic Radius
Empirical
140
Calculated
115
Van Der Waals
198
Bonding
198
Batsanov
210
Rahm
238
Dreiding
415
Uff
450
Mm3
236
Alvarez
204
Bragg
140
Covalent (Single Bound)
133
Covalent (Triple Bound)
125
Covalent (Cordero)
139
Covalent (Pyykko)
133
Covalent (Pyykko Double)
129
Covalent (Pyykko Triple)
125
C12
139
Temperature
Melting/Freeze (USE)
386.85 °K
Melting/Freeze (WEL)
386.85 °K
Melting/Freeze (CRC)
386.7 °K
Melting/Freeze (LNG)
386.6 °K
Boiling/Density (USE)
457.4 °K
Boiling/Density (WEL)
457.4 °K
Boiling/Density (CRC)
457.4 °K
Boiling/Density (LNG)
458.24 °K
Boiling/Density (Zhang)
457 °K
Critical Temperature
819 °K
Critical Pressure
11.7 MPa
Density
STP
4.933 kg/cm³
Solid (WEL)
4940 kg/cm³
Solid (CRC)
4933 kg/cm³
Solid (LNG)
4630 kg/cm³
Heat
Molar Volume
25.72 cm³/mol
Atomic Volume
25.7 cm³
Heat Of Fusion USE
15.52 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion CRC
15.52 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion LNG
15.66 kJ/mol
Evaporation USE
41.95 kJ/mol
Evaporation CRC
41.57 kJ/mol
Evaporation LNG
41.6 kJ/mol
Evaporation Zhang
41.6 kJ/mol
Heat Capacity CRC
36.888 J/gK
Heat Capacity LNG
36.86 J/gK
Heat Capacity WEL
36.9 J/gK
Adiabatic Index
N/A
Electrical Resistance
273k
1.3×(10^16) nΩm
Magnetic Properties
Order
Diamagnetic
Susceptibility
-4.5e-9 m3/kg
Elasticity
Bulk Modulus
7.7 GPa
Etymology
Description
It is a dark purple, nonmetallic, group 17 element. It is insoluble in water. Living organisms need it as trace elements. In addition to 14 radioactive isotopes, it has only one stable isotope, I-127. Chemically, it is the least reactive and most electropositive halogen. It was discovered by Courtois in 1812.
Language Of Origin
Greek via French
Origin Of Word
From the French word iode, derived from the Greek word ioeides meaning "purple".
Meaning
purple, violet purple
Symbol Origin
descriptive (color)
Etymological Description
It comes from the Greek word iodes, meaning "purple", due to its color in the gaseous state. It later became iode in French and became the source of the English word iodine.
Discovery & Isolation
Observed/Predicted By
B. Courtois
Observed/Discovery Year
1811
Discovery Location
Isolated Sample By
B. Courtois
Isolated Sample Year
1811
Production & Use
Sources
It is found in sodium and potassium compounds found on land and in the sea.
Uses
It is an element that humans need in trace amounts. It was used as an antiseptic in the past, but it is not currently used as such due to its toxicity.
Radioactivity
Half Life
Stable
Lifetime
Stable
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.0018
Neutron Cross Section
6.2
Electron Affinity
Proton Affinity
608.2
Electron Affinity (eV)
3.0590368
Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)
295.1531
Electron Affinity (pauling)
2.66
Electron Affinity (allen)
13.95
Electron Affinity (ghosh)
0.2195176
Dipole Polarity
Accepted
32.9
Uncertainty
1.3
C6 GB
389
C6 Coefficient
385
Lattice
Constant Internal Default Radius
7.72
Constant
718.02, 471.02, 981.03
Strucutre
ORC
Angles
p/2, p/2, p/2
Electron & Quantum
Oxidation States
−1,1,3,4,5,6,7
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p5
Quantum Number
hat/a
Electron Configuration Semantic
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Shells-0
2
Shells-1
8
Shells-2
18
Shells-3
18
Shells-4
7
Ionization Energies-0
1008.4
Ionization Energies-1
1845.9
Ionization Energies-2
3180
List of Compounds
1-10 of 97 compounds
| Formula | Names |
|---|---|
| I2 | iodine diiodine molecular iodine |
| AgI | silver(I) iodide colloidal silver iodide neosiluol silver iodide |
| AlI3 | aluminum iodide aluminum triiodide triiodoalumane |
| AmI3 | americium(III) iodide |
| AsI3 | arsenic iodide arsenic(III) iodide arsenic triiodidearsenous iodide triiodoarsane triiodoarsine |
| As2I4 | arsenic diiodide |
| AuI | gold(I) iodide aurous iodide gold iodide iodogold |
| AuI3 | gold(III)iodide gold triiodide |
| BI3 | boron triiodide boron iodide triiodoborane triiodoboron |
| BaI2 | barium iodide barium(+2) cation diiodide barium diiodide barium iodide anhydrous |
