12
Mg
Magnesium
24.305
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Descriptive Numbers
Mass
Periodic Position
Classification
Abundance
Color
Atomic Radius
Temperature
Density
Heat
Speed of Sound
Electrical Resistance
Magnetic Properties
Elasticity
Hardness
Etymology
Discovery & Isolation
Production & Use
Radioactivity
Electron Affinity
Dipole Polarity
Lattice
Electron & Quantum
List of Compounds
Basic Information
Name
Magnesium
Atomic Number
12
Appearance
Shiny gray solid
Phase At STP
Solid
Spectrum Image
Source
WikipediaBohr Model
Static
Interactive
Descriptive Numbers
CAS Number
7439-95-4
CID Number
CID5462224
DOT Number
2950
Mendeleev Number
76
Pettifor Number
73
Space Group Number
194
Glawe Number
73
Mass
Atomic Mass
24.305 Da
Periodic Position
X Position
2
Y Position
3
Period
3
Group
2
Classification
Block
s
Category
Alkaline Earth Metal
Geochemical
Major
Goldschmidt
Lithophilic
Electrical Type
Conductive
Abundance
Urban Soil
7.9 mg/kg
Seawater
0.0013 kg/L
Sun
1 mole ratio to silicon
Earth Crust
0.023 g
Human Body
0.03 %
Solar System
1.1 mole ratio to silicon
Meteorites
12 %
Color
Jmol
#8AFF00
Molcas Gv
#8AFF00
CPK
#228B22
Atomic Radius
Empirical
150
Calculated
145
Van Der Waals
173
Bonding
173
Room Temperature
187
Batsanov
220
Rahm
240
Uff
302.1
Mm3
243
Alvarez
251
Bragg
142
Covalent (Single Bound)
130
Covalent (Triple Bound)
127
Covalent (Cordero)
141
Covalent (Pyykko)
139
Covalent (Pyykko Double)
132
Covalent (Pyykko Triple)
127
Mendeleev
136
C12
160
Metallic
160
Temperature
Melting/Freeze (USE)
923 °K
Melting/Freeze (WEL)
923 °K
Melting/Freeze (CRC)
923 °K
Melting/Freeze (LNG)
924 °K
Boiling/Density (USE)
1363 °K
Boiling/Density (WEL)
1363 °K
Boiling/Density (CRC)
1363 °K
Boiling/Density (LNG)
1373 °K
Boiling/Density (Zhang)
1383 °K
Flashpoint
773 °K
Autoignition Point
745 °K
Density
STP
1.738 kg/cm³
Solid (WEL)
1738 kg/cm³
Solid (CRC)
1740 kg/cm³
Solid (LNG)
1738 kg/cm³
Liquid (CR2)
1584 kg/cm³
Heat
Molar Volume
14 cm³/mol
Atomic Volume
14 cm³
Heat Of Fusion USE
9.2 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion CRC
8.48 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion LNG
8.48 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion WEL
8.7 kJ/mol
Evaporation USE
131.8 kJ/mol
Evaporation LNG
128 kJ/mol
Evaporation WEL
128 kJ/mol
Evaporation Zhang
132 kJ/mol
Combustion
-668 kJ/mol
Molar Heat
24.869 J/molK
Heat Capacity USE
1.025 J/gK
Heat Capacity CRC
24.869 J/gK
Heat Capacity LNG
24.87 J/gK
Heat Capacity WEL
24.9 J/gK
Thermal Conductivity
156 W/m*K
Thermal Expansion
0.0000082 1/K
Adiabatic Index
N/A
Speed of Sound
Longitudinal
5770 m/s
Transversal
3050 m/s
Extensional
4940 m/s
Electrical Resistance
80k
5.57 nΩm
273k
40.5 nΩm
293k
43.9 nΩm
298k
44.8 nΩm
300k
45.1 nΩm
500k
78.6 nΩm
Magnetic Properties
Order
paramanyetic
Susceptibility
6.9e-9 m3/kg
Elasticity
Shear Modulus
17 GPa
Bulk Modulus
45 GPa
Poisson Ratio
0.29 ν
Youngs Modulus
45 GPa
Hardness
Mohs
2.5
Brinell
260
Etymology
Description
It is a silvery metal element belonging to the second group of the periodic table (alkaline earth metals). It is very important for living organisms and is used in many light alloys. It is chemically highly reactive and forms a protective oxide coating on its exterior when exposed to air and burns with an intense white flame. It also reacts with sulfur, nitrogen and halogens. It was first isolated by Bussy in 1828.
Language Of Origin
Greek
Origin Of Word
From Magnesia, a region in Eastern Thessaly (Greece)
Symbol Origin
place name
Etymological Description
In ancient Greek, it comes from the name of the region called Magnesia in Thessaly, where the element was discovered.
Discovery & Isolation
Observed/Predicted By
J. Black
Observed/Discovery Year
1755
Discovery Location
Isolated Sample By
H. Crowds
Isolated Sample Year
1808
Production & Use
Sources
It is obtained by electrolysis of molten magnesium chloride found in seawater. Each cubic meter of seawater contains 5443 kg of magnesium.
Uses
It is used in alloys required for aircraft and rocket construction. It has structural properties similar to aluminum. However, its usage areas are limited due to the fact that gasoline ignites at its combustion temperature.
Radioactivity
Half Life
Stable
Lifetime
Stable
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.0001
Neutron Cross Section
0.06
Electron Affinity
Proton Affinity
819.6
Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)
-40
Electron Affinity (pauling)
1.31
Electron Affinity (allen)
7.646
Electron Affinity (ghosh)
0.121644
Dipole Polarity
Accepted
71.2
Uncertainty
0.4
C6 GB
629
C6 Coefficient
626
Lattice
Constant Internal Default Radius
3.21
Constant
320.94, 320.94, 521.08
Strucutre
HEX
Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Electron & Quantum
Oxidation States
1,2
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
Quantum Number
1S0
Electron Configuration Semantic
[n] stick
Shells-0
2
Shells-1
8
Shells-2
2
Ionization Energies-0
737.7
Ionization Energies-1
1450.7
Ionization Energies-2
7732.7
Ionization Energies-3
10542.5
Ionization Energies-4
13630
Ionization Energies-5
18020
Ionization Energies-6
21711
Ionization Energies-7
25661
Ionization Energies-8
31653
Ionization Energies-9
35458
Ionization Energies-10
169988
Ionization Energies-11
189368
List of Compounds
1-10 of 100 compounds
| Formula | Names |
|---|---|
| Mg | magnesium magnesium metal |
| As2Mg3 | magnesium arsenide |
| MgBr2 | magnesium bromide hydrobromic acid magnesium salt magnesium dibromide |
| MgCl2 | magnesium chloride magnesium dichloride |
| MgF2 | magnesium fluoride afluon azelastinemagnesium difluoride |
| MgH2 | magnesium hydride magnesium dihydride magnesium hydride ni-doped tego magnan |
| MgI2 | magnesium iodide iodic acid magnesium salt magnesium diiodide magnesium iodide anhydrous |
| MgB2 | magnesium diboride |
| MgB6 | magnesium hexaboride |
| MgB12 | magnesium dodecaboride |
