40
Zr
Zirconium
91.2242
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Descriptive Numbers
Mass
Periodic Position
Classification
Abundance
Color
Atomic Radius
Temperature
Density
Heat
Speed of Sound
Electrical Resistance
Magnetic Properties
Elasticity
Hardness
Etymology
Discovery & Isolation
Production & Use
Radioactivity
Electron Affinity
Dipole Polarity
Lattice
Electron & Quantum
List of Compounds
Basic Information
Bohr Model
Static
Interactive
Descriptive Numbers
CAS Number
7440-67-7
CID Number
CID23995
DOT Number
2008
Mendeleev Number
44
Pettifor Number
49
Space Group Number
194
Glawe Number
49
Mass
Atomic Mass
91.2242 Da
Uncertainty
0.002
Periodic Position
X Position
4
Y Position
5
Period
5
Group
4
Classification
Block
d
Category
Transition Metal
Geochemical
High Field Strength
Goldschmidt
Lithophilic
Electrical Type
Conductive
Abundance
Seawater
3e-11 kg/L
Sun
0.000011 mole ratio to silicon
Earth Crust
0.00017 g
Human Body
0.000005 %
Solar System
0.000011 mole ratio to silicon
Meteorites
0.00066 %
Color
Jmol
#94E0E0
Molcas Gv
#94E0E0
CPK
#FF1493
Atomic Radius
Empirical
155
Calculated
206
Batsanov
230
Rahm
269
Uff
312.4
Mm3
254
Alvarez
252
Covalent (Single Bound)
148
Covalent (Triple Bound)
121
Covalent (Cordero)
175
Covalent (Pyykko)
154
Covalent (Pyykko Double)
127
Covalent (Pyykko Triple)
121
Mendeleev
145
C12
160
Metallic
160
Temperature
Melting/Freeze (USE)
2128 °K
Melting/Freeze (WEL)
2128 °K
Melting/Freeze (CRC)
2128 °K
Melting/Freeze (LNG)
2125 °K
Boiling/Density (USE)
4650 °K
Boiling/Density (WEL)
4682 °K
Boiling/Density (CRC)
4682 °K
Boiling/Density (LNG)
3850 °K
Boiling/Density (Zhang)
4650 °K
Superconducting Point
0.61 °K
Density
STP
6.52 kg/cm³
Solid (WEL)
6511 kg/cm³
Solid (CRC)
6520 kg/cm³
Solid (LNG)
6520 kg/cm³
Liquid (CR2)
5800 kg/cm³
Heat
Molar Volume
14.02 cm³/mol
Atomic Volume
14.1 cm³
Heat Of Fusion USE
19.2 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion CRC
21 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion LNG
21 kJ/mol
Heat Of Fusion WEL
21 kJ/mol
Evaporation USE
567 kJ/mol
Evaporation LNG
573 kJ/mol
Evaporation WEL
580 kJ/mol
Evaporation Zhang
591 kJ/mol
Molar Heat
25.36 J/molK
Heat Capacity USE
0.281 J/gK
Heat Capacity CRC
25.36 J/gK
Heat Capacity LNG
25.4 J/gK
Heat Capacity WEL
25.4 J/gK
Thermal Conductivity
22.7 W/m*K
Thermal Expansion
0.0000057 1/K
Adiabatic Index
N/A
Speed of Sound
Extensional
3800 m/s
Electrical Resistance
80k
66.4 nΩm
273k
388 nΩm
293k
421 nΩm
298k
429 nΩm
300k
433 nΩm
500k
765 nΩm
Magnetic Properties
Order
paramanyetic
Susceptibility
1.7e-8 m3/kg
Elasticity
Shear Modulus
33 GPa
Poisson Ratio
0.34 ν
Youngs Modulus
68 GPa
Hardness
Mohs
5
Brinell
638–1880
Vickers
820–1800
Etymology
Description
It is a grey-white transition metal. There are five known natural and six radioactive isotopes. It is used as a neutron absorber in nuclear reactors. It was discovered by Martin Klaproth in 1789 and isolated by Berzelius in 1824.
Language Of Origin
Syriac/Arabic via Arabic and German
Origin Of Word
Zargun means "golden colored" in Persian, and Zirkon means "zirconium stone" in German.
Meaning
golden
Etymological Description
From the Arabic word "zarkun". It derives from the Persian word "zarkûn", meaning "like gold". Zircon is the German form of these terms and forms the origin of the English word "zircon".
Discovery & Isolation
Observed/Predicted By
H. Klaproth
Observed/Discovery Year
1789
Discovery Location
Isolated Sample By
J. Berzelius
Isolated Sample Year
1824
Production & Use
Sources
It is found in many minerals such as zircon and badeleyite.
Uses
Since it does not absorb neutrons immediately, it is used in zirconium alloys in the nuclear field. Badeleyite is also used in laboratory containers. The use of zirconium is also common in the production of high-performance pumps and valves. Zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4) is a popular gemstone.
Radioactivity
Half Life
Stable
Lifetime
Stable
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.00066
Neutron Cross Section
0.18
Electron Affinity
Electron Affinity (eV)
0.426
Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)
41.806
Electron Affinity (pauling)
1.33
Electron Affinity (allen)
7.808
Electron Affinity (ghosh)
0.1248887
Dipole Polarity
Accepted
112
Uncertainty
13
C6 GB
1360
Lattice
Constant Internal Default Radius
3.23
Constant
323.2, 323.2, 514.7
Strucutre
HEX
Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Electron & Quantum
Oxidation States
−2,0,1,2,3,4
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d2
Quantum Number
Pardon me
Electron Configuration Semantic
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
Shells-0
2
Shells-1
8
Shells-2
18
Shells-3
10
Shells-4
2
Ionization Energies-0
640.1
Ionization Energies-1
1270
Ionization Energies-2
2218
Ionization Energies-3
3313
Ionization Energies-4
7752
Ionization Energies-5
9500
List of Compounds
1-10 of 96 compounds
| Formula | Names |
|---|---|
| Zr | zirconium zirconium metal |
| Al2Zr | aluminum zirconium |
| ZrBr4 | zirconium tetrabromide tetrabromozirconium zinc iodidezirconium bromide zirconium(IV) bromide |
| ZrCl4 | zirconium tetrachloride tetrachlorozirconium zirconium chloridezirconium(IV) chloride zirconium tetrachloride, solid |
| F2Zr | zirconium(II) fluoride |
| ZrF4 | zirconium tetrafluoride tetrafluorozirconium zirconium fluoride zirconium(IV) fluoride |
| ZrH2 | zirconium(II)hydride zirconium dihydride |
| ZrI4 | zirconium tetraiodide tetraiodozirconium zirconium iodide zirconium iodide red dish brown powder zirconium(IV) iodide |
| ZrN | zirconium nitride azanylidynezirconium nitridozirconium nitrilozirconium zirconium mononitride |
| NiZr | zirconium-nickel alloy (30:70) nickel; zirconium zirconium-nickel alloy (70:30) nickel; zirconium |
